| This
story is taken from the 2002 Flying Tigers Reunion Program, produced by
Valor Studios.
"The
FLYING TIGERS"
It is the spring of 2002 and 60 years have passed since General
Claire Lee Chennault and his band of 252 men and women--pilots, ground crews
and staff--passed into history in war-torn China.
Behind, they left an imperishable
record, which many authorities have called a conquest without parallel in
the annals of air battles.
In seven months of combat,
this group of 87 pilots, with a fleet of 100 airplanes, shot down, by official
count, 299 enemy aircraft, destroyed another known 240 planes and scored a
total estimated kill of upward of a thousand aircraft, many of which could
not be confirmed officially or by estimate, but which pilots felt reasonably
certain disappeared in the mountains or sea or were caught in strafing raids.
Their own losses totaled
four pilots lost in combat, 11 more in strafing for bombing actions, 45 airplanes
in combat through accidents, and 45 more by accidents, bombing or capture
by enemy ground forces.
How the Flying Tigers
came into being is a story as unusual as what happened to them between their
first air battle in December, 1941, and their disbandment in July, 1942.
In the mid-30's, an Army
Captain, Claire Lee Chennault, had retired from a pioneer military flying
career and had written a book about his concept of aerobatics. The text came
to the attention of the Chinese, then engaged in a hit-and-run war with Japan.
The beleaguered Chinese asked Chennault to help them develop an air force,
and in 1937, he went to China.
Four years later, with
the war spreading over the globe and the Chinese situation critical, Chennault
was empowered by Generalissimo Chaing Kai-shek to seed a core of American
airmen to help train the Chinese. President Roosevelt consented to allow members
of the American Armed Forces to volunteer for duty with Chennault. A total
of 252 men--87 pilots and 165 ground personnel--signed up for a year's service.
Recruited from Army, Navy and Marine Air Corps ranks, they were shipped to
Burma, where 100 P-40 fighters were sidetracked from other military assignments
for their use.
Formed into three squadrons--Adam
and Eve, Panda Bears and Hell's Angels--they had experienced hardly three
months of training as fighting units before the aroused Japanese hit them
at Christmas-time 1941 over Rangoon.
The fact that they not
only survived the Japanese assault but repulsed the enemy with heavy losses
electrified the Allied side of the war, which had been repeatedly defeated
by the Axis powers. The American victory was once more, as at Lexington some
165 years earlier, a shot that was heard around the world, and the Tigers
flew on through the Burma skies to an everlasting place in American history.
Often out-numbered as
much as eight to one and fighting under primitive conditions with shortages
of both food and supplies, their planes held together by the determination
and resourcefulness of ground crews. This handful of less than one hundred
pilots checked the Japanese invasion of China.
Chennault, recapping later
the story of his group of rough and ready fighting men whose military informality
recalled the stories of early American Indian fighting days, said that while
the A.V.G. was blooded over China, it was their aerial exploits above Rangoon
between Christmas and New Year's Eve of 1941 which put the stamp of history
upon them. In the first nine days of initial combat with the enemy, the Tigers
shot down officially 75 planes with a loss of only six of their own, and only
two pilots.
In all the history of
aerial combat, there never had been such a total air victory as this one.
History recorded the tributes of the war leaders--Roosevelt, who hailed their
exploits as one of the great records of war--Churchill, who called that Tiger's
repulse of the enemy a feat comparable to that gained in the Battle of Britain--and
Chiang Kai-shek, who saluted their deeds "as one of the great military
feats free men have accomplished for the cause of the righteousness." |